Core Concepts

Access Rules & Auth Zones

Radix's declarative authorisation model where Components define what badge Proofs must be present in the caller's Auth Zone for a method call to succeed.

Asset-Oriented Programming

Programming paradigm where digital assets are first-class platform primitives that behave like physical objects, eliminating entire classes of smart contract vulnerabilities.

Atomic Composability

Blockchain Trilemma

Blueprints & Packages

Scrypto's deployment model where reusable Blueprint templates are bundled into Packages, from which on-ledger Component instances are created.

Buckets, Proofs & Vaults

The three core asset containers in Scrypto: Vaults for permanent storage, Buckets for in-transaction movement, and Proofs for authorization attestation.

Byzantine Fault Tolerance

The ability of a distributed system to reach consensus correctly even when up to one-third of participants are faulty or malicious, as implemented through Cerberus on Radix.

Component Royalties

Protocol-native mechanism allowing developers to earn recurring XRD revenue every time a transaction calls methods on their deployed Blueprints or Components.

Composability

Decentralized Finance (DeFi)

Decentralized Science (DeSci)

Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)

Finite State Machines

Honest Majority Assumption

Liquid Stake Units (LSUs)

Fungible tokens representing staked XRD positions that can be freely traded or used as DeFi collateral while the underlying XRD continues earning staking rewards.

Network Emissions

Protocol-level minting of new XRD distributed as staking rewards to validators and delegators, constituting Radix's inflation mechanism and security incentive.

Shard Groups

Sharding

Staking

Substate Model

Radix's state architecture where all ledger state is decomposed into discrete, typed records called substates, enabling parallelised consensus across shards.

Transactions Per Second (TPS)

Trust Boundary

Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) Model

Validator Nodes

Network participants running Cerberus consensus, selected via Delegated Proof of Stake where the top 100 validators by staked XRD form the Active Validator Set.